Wednesday, March 27, 2024

Joe Heschmeyer Gives an Excellent Case for the Church Needing Infallibility (We are Both Papists, so Think the Infallibility Resides in some capacity in the Pope)


For Some Who Believe "Francis" is Pope · Joe Heschmeyer Gives an Excellent Case for the Church Needing Infallibility (We are Both Papists, so Think the Infallibility Resides in some capacity in the Pope)

Here is his case, then a comment I made, with the thread under it, then a transition to another and shorter thread:

The Biblical Case for Infallibility
Shameless Popery Podcast | 21 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2djx9lESGgA


Now give the Biblical case for whether Infallibility resides in "Francis" or in Michael II ...

Master Chief
@masterchief8179
Infallibility resides in the Church through the Successor of Peter and bishops gathered in Ecumenical Councils in communion with him, when issuing to teach the universal church and other specific circumstances.

Or you can buy a cheaper seat to watch Pastor Bob preach in a garage with his interpretation of the Bible that fell from the sky, saying you - and everybody - should stick with this guy’ interpretation:

“Whoever teaches differently from what I have taught, or whoever condemns me therein, he condemns God and must remain a child of hell” (LUTHER, Martin. German answer of Martin Luther to the Book of King Henry of England, 1522 Deutsche Antwort Luthers auf König Heinrichs von England Buch). In: Dr. Martin Luther's Sämtliche Werke, Polemische Deutsche Schriften, Johann Konrad Irmischer, Erlangen, 1833, vol. 28, p. 347).

Hans-Georg Lundahl
@hglundahl
@masterchief8179 The question is not about Pastor Bob.

It's about whether "Francis" or Michael II is successor of St. Peter.

Susan D
@susand3668
Dear @hglundahl , you are kidding, right? Pope Francis is accepted as pope not only by his followers, but by the UN and every nation and so on and so on.

Who is Michael II?

Master Chief
@hglundahl You can’t be serious.

Hans-Georg Lundahl
@masterchief8179 I am at least not going to be A-rious instead of C-rious. A-rious was a heretic!

Hans-Georg Lundahl
@susand3668 "not only by his followers,"

Which is also the case with Pope Michael II. Even with Peter III, whom I don't count as Pope.

"but by the UN and every nation and so on and so on."

So? From their pov it means "head of the Vatican state" (usually) and that was founded in 1929, between Pius XI and Mussolini.

"Who is Michael II?"

Pope Michael II Passion Sunday 2024
vatican in exile | 19 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Kso2_JY3QM


Shameless Popery Podcast
@shamelesspopery
I know more about Antipope Michael I (David Bawden, Rogelio Martinez's predecessor) because he's from here in Kansas. He was "elected" by his family and some friends in his family's thrift store in 1990 when he was 30. None of his alleged electors were Cardinals of the Catholic Church (obviously). In no way, shape, or form is such an "election" valid, regardless of what you think about the real pope. I mean "Michael I" wasn't even an ordained priest (by his own admission!) during the time he was claiming to be the real Bishop of Rome.

Let's say that you decide that the 2024 presidential election is stolen, and so you and your family and friends declare you the president of the United States. That absurdity would actually be MORE valid than Michael I or Michael II's claims to be popes, since (unlike in a papal election) your family and friends can presumably vote in a secular election.

Hans-Georg Lundahl
@shamelesspopery Thank you for your input, Sir, let's break this down:

"None of his alleged electors were Cardinals of the Catholic Church (obviously)."

Cardinals electing is of human positive Church law, not divine law, since otherwise the Popes elected before the Cardinals would have been invalid.

One of the friends was Theresa S. Benns, who later left him.

She has so far NOT used the idea that his invitations to conservative (sede+) bishops and (perhaps) conservative cardinals were bogus.

In other words we have an important witness to misproceedings, if there were such, who hasn't spoken up about them.

In other words, until the opposite is proven, we do not have the wherewithals to present the election as finally held, with 6 laymen, as being what he had planned all along (among these laymen he was the star theologian, along with ineligible Theresa).

I think we should therefore presume he had hoped that clergy would come and he would not be elected.

"I mean "Michael I" wasn't even an ordained priest (by his own admission!) during the time he was claiming to be the real Bishop of Rome."

During the 21 first years of the time. He did get ordination and consecration on the Gaudete Weekend of 2011. I congratulated him on the occasion, without yet accepting him as Pope. I had known him online since the early 2000's.

A bishop can be elected before he is ordained, before he is consecrated. Otherwise, the election of the Catechumen St. Ambrose would have been invalid.

"Let's say that you decide that the 2024 presidential election is stolen, and so you and your family and friends declare you the president of the United States."

Usurpation without tyranny is not necessarily a cue for legitimate insurrection. Especially if the usurper would be deposed if not reelected four years from hence.

"since (unlike in a papal election) your family and friends can presumably vote in a secular election."

Again, you are judging the case of laymen voting from positive Church laws of the second millennium. The exclusion of laymen from episcopal elections, including that of Rome, was first of all never put into place in the East, and second, a kind of security measure against powerful laymen rigging elections for their friends.

Given the six laymen were presumably nobodies, the risk of them being so manipulated is negligible.

@shamelesspopery Think about my answer to your first objection:

Cardinals electing is of human positive Church law, not divine law, since otherwise the Popes elected before the Cardinals would have been invalid.

I was somewhat incomplete, I left out the idea that in a case of emergency, you can never set divine law aside, but positive human law (like disciplinary Church law) can be set aside.

But, as you wrote a book about the first 200 years of the Church, you would normally be aware of lay participation in episcopal elections including in Rome.


Where did I get this about his book from? Here, other thread under the youtube:

Skarlet
@Skarlet-ju8sr
You should write a book about the history of the early Church, first 400 years. The title would be this perfect catchphrase in common use back then:

"Rome Has Spoken."

Patrick Steil
@PatrickSteil
I think he did. It’s called the Early Church is the Catholic Church. Great book and he shows this taking only the first 200 years before any Protestant claims of the corruption of the church.

Hans-Georg Lundahl
@PatrickSteil If that's the case he should be aware of laymen electing bishops, including of Rome, meaning his case against Pope Michael I is not just wrong but also less than perfectly candid, perhaps even dishonest

Patrick Steil
@hglundahl Can you elaborate, I am not following?

Hans-Georg Lundahl
@PatrickSteil His view on the election in Kansas in 1990 involves it being invalid because all the participants were non-cardinals.

The fact is, "By decree of a synod of 769, only a cardinal was eligible to become Bishop of Rome." -- and papal elections being between cardinals only is even later, seems to be 1059 or sth, i e, the law he is referring to was not applied in the early Church, and can therefore be set aside in a case of dire necessity, as David Bawden, when calling the election, judged the situation in the Church.

As he has studied the early Church, he should be aware of this.


Other thing:

Tom Tyrone Beiron
@TyroneBeiron
It may be necessary in these times to consider the Orthodox Churches not in communion with the Catholic Church to be ‘Protestant’ as well, mainly because of the various new emerging narratives from their commentators, apologists, synods and canons which very much hold seriously anti-Catholic and anti-Papal statements which they have never removed or corrected in spite of the dialogues, joint-statements etc. In a similar way, these autocephalous churches vary in teaching and biblical interpretation, sometimes even holding commentary by their own saints to be held as magisterial authority. Catholics nowadays are hardly vehement towards these others - I am old enough to remember when priests and bishops did not mince their words towards schismatics and Protestants; not anymore today. 🤔

Hans-Georg Lundahl
"sometimes even holding commentary by their own saints to be held as magisterial authority."

That's actually Catholic, except for post-schism ones being on the wrong side of 1054.

The principle is also there in Trent Session IV.

In fact, Trent Session IV sets a kind of safety rule, what you must take as magisterial is all of the CCFF agreeing, but even so.

Tuesday, March 26, 2024

Palestinian Origins


Licoricia of Winchester, Interest, Blood Libel · Look at This · Palestinian Origins · Christ is King of the Jews · Whaddo You Meme ?? Tried to Give His POV on Christ is King · Colin (Not a Pastor) on Fight For Truth Had a Better Take · Sharing : Isabel Brown · Some Responses to Candida Moss (Beginning of Video) · Christ is King of the Jews, even if Tovia Refuses to See That · Tovia tried to counter ... · When the True God Revealed Himself (sharing) · Tovia Singer Fails to Discredit the Gospels · Sharing on the Trinity in the OT

Q
If the "Palestinians" supposed to be indigenous to the region, why they're still speaking an Arabic dialect/variant instead of reviving/revitalizing an extinct/a moribund Hebrew dialect/Canaanite language (e.g. Samaritan Hebrew)?
https://www.quora.com/If-the-Palestinians-supposed-to-be-indigenous-to-the-region-why-theyre-still-speaking-an-Arabic-dialect-variant-instead-of-reviving-revitalizing-an-extinct-a-moribund-Hebrew-dialect-Canaanite-language-e-g-Samaritan/answer/Hans-Georg-Lundahl-2


Hans-Georg Lundahl
amateur linguist
26.III.2024
2000 years ago, both Jews and Christians (or back in AD 24 more like future Christians, still Jews), spoke mainly Aramaic, though they knew Hebrew for the liturgic uses.

After 600 and before 700, Omar conquered the region and forced part of them to become Muslims.

The Muslims adopted Arabic from the Peninsula, language of a minority of conquerors, by 900 AD.

The Christians were still speaking Aramaic in the time of the Crusades, they were pushed to adopt Arabic in the time of the Countercrusade (Muslim rulers like Baybars). So, the reason is a bit why Irish, descending mainly from Gaels, mainly do not speak Irish Gaelic, but English.

I

Jeric Ilagan
26.III.2024
Tuesday of Holy week
Oh yes, the classic case of Ireland (and Scotland).

Hans-Georg Lundahl
29.III.2024
Good Friday
They are not really comparable, you know.

I specified Ireland, even more specifically Irish Gaels, because I think it’s parallel to the Palestinians in language change.

Jeric Ilagan
30.III.2024
Holy Saturday
I stand corrected.

II

Zhun-Yong Ong
28.III.2024
Maundy Thursday
There were Arabic speakers in Israel long before the Islamic conquest. You can find the ruins of Nabataean settlements such as Avdat in southern Israel.

https://en.parks.org.il/reserve-park/avdat-national-park/

The Qedarites were attested in the Levant by the 9th century BC.

Qedarites - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qedarites


Hans-Georg Lundahl
29.III.2024
Good Friday
As I read the map, there were more Qedarites on the Peninsula than in Avdat.

I’ll quote a part of the wiki:

Attested from the 9th century BC, the Qedarites formed a powerful polity which expanded its territory over the course of the 9th to 7th centuries BC to cover a large area in northern Arabia stretching from Transjordan in the west to the western borders of Babylonia in the east, before later moving westwards during the 6th to 5th centuries BC to consolidate into a kingdom stretching from the eastern limits of the Nile Delta in the west till Transjordan in the east and covering much of southern Judea,[dubious – discuss] the Negev and the Sinai Peninsula.


So, the idea that they were in Southern Judaea is dubious.

Going to the link in Israel parks site, it seems Avdat is indeed in modern Israel, but it’s still the Negev.

Would you mind explaining how Avdat was identified as Qedarite rather than Jewish?

Zhun-Yong Ong
30.III.2024
Holy Saturday
So, the idea that they were in Southern Judaea is dubious.


Even so, Southern Judea is only a small part of modern Israel and an even smaller part of the Levant. The Qedarites were found in the Negev and also across the Jordan river.

Going to the link in Israel parks site, it seems Avdat is indeed in modern Israel, but it’s still the Negev.

Would you mind explaining how Avdat was identified as Qedarite rather than Jewish?


I did not say that Avdat was Qedarite.

Avdat was a Nabataean settlement.

From https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/avdat :

The little we know about the Nabateans comes from Roman historians and geographers. They were nomadic tribes from northern Arabia who wandered and traded, then established permanent settlements and finally created an independent kingdom with Petra, in the mountains of Edom, as their capital. At the climax of their power, from the first century BCE to the first century CE, the Nabatean kings ruled regions that today belong to Jordan, Syria, and Israel. Their contact with the Hellenistic world had great influence on their material culture, uniquely manifest in their architecture.

The Nabateans accumulated great wealth from their trade in costly perfumes and spices from East Africa and Arabia which they transported by camel caravans to the southern Mediterranean coast, with Gaza serving as the main depot and port. The Negev was the direct overland link to the Mediterranean coast, and the Nabatean way stations at the main crossroads in the Negev, developed into cities. In this inhospitable desert region, the Nabateans developed an agriculture based on terraces built on the hillsides. To capture flood waters, they constructed dams in the valleys; to collect rain water, they cut cisterns in the rock. These measures, initiated by the Nabatean central administration, established their control over the Negev and guaranteed the caravans’ safe passage.


The Nabataeans were Arabs. You can visit Nabataean ruins in Jordan and Israel.

Nabataeans - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabataeans


Hans-Georg Lundahl
30.III.2024
Holy Saturday
Ah, Avdat was Nabataean and in the Negev.

It’s South of Judaea in the historic sense, South of West Bank, South of Gaza strip.

Like Southern Jordan, it’s in historic Edom.

I do not deny that Palestinians may have partly Nabataean ancestry as well, but pointing at them as the main ancestry would be idiotic, given that Christian Palestinians spoke Aramaic up to after the Countercrusade.

And given that a large origin of Muslim Palestinians are descended from:

  • Christian Palestinians
  • Jews,


it won’t fly to consider them either as mainly Nabataeans.


A comment of mine was censored:



As it happens a few other comments were hanging on that one. There was no spam about the comment, I was simply contradicting someone who agreed with Quora moderators.

Monday, March 25, 2024

Putin Lied to Tucker Carlson?


Douglas Macgregor: SURRENDERED This Morning!
World_Info | 24 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzYGiGlk4VU


0:56 Lviv region?

That's the second westernmost oblast (if the Ukrainians use the word) in all of Ukraine!

And Putin had claimed to Tucker Carlson that he was only interested in the Eastern part.

What a liar ...

Since the face of Douglas Macgregor could be a deepfake

Kyiv and Ukraine's Lviv region report 'massive' Russian attack • FRANCE 24 English
FRANCE 24 English | 24 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzQfQJBdWnI


It seems the news that Lviv was targetted is NOT fake./HGL

Does This Writer Read?


New blog on the kid: Traditional Publishing Does Not Mean Already Existing Publishing Houses · Assorted retorts from yahoo boards and elsewhere: Does This Writer Read?

Yes, this essayist reads essays.

I could add, I used to read lots more novels before I got this stress level. Some people think my being a Meldahón equals my being impotent, and if they could only stress me out a bit more, I'd be a Meldahón no more. They have stressed me out of being a regular novel reader and out of writing chapters on my fan fic novel. They have not stressed me out of reading essays and of writing essays.

You're Not Really a Writer Unless You Do THIS
Alyssa Matesic | 24 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VybKKdyQy30


1:21 I think this is OK criticism, about novelist.

I don't read much novels, ergo, I am not a novelist.

It's not OK criticism about essayists.

I read lots of essays, reply to lots of them in mine and write others not in such replies.

The fact that I read the essays mainly online and that essay writing is a much shorter format than novel writing, doesn't basically change this. Though obviously it changes the perception of people who consider "being on the internet" is mutually exclusive with reading. People who wonder why I don't have thick books and they see me spend hours on them.

Look at This


Licoricia of Winchester, Interest, Blood Libel · Look at This · Palestinian Origins · Christ is King of the Jews · Whaddo You Meme ?? Tried to Give His POV on Christ is King · Colin (Not a Pastor) on Fight For Truth Had a Better Take · Sharing : Isabel Brown · Some Responses to Candida Moss (Beginning of Video) · Christ is King of the Jews, even if Tovia Refuses to See That · Tovia tried to counter ... · When the True God Revealed Himself (sharing) · Tovia Singer Fails to Discredit the Gospels · Sharing on the Trinity in the OT

The Truth About Vladimir Lenin: A Century After His Death - David Volodzko
Triggernometry | 15 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QP1T5_zzOUc


5:42 On more than one item, I considered that Stalin repaired some of the evils of Lenin. NEP, though intermittent, was Stalin. Tolerance of Orthodoxy, was Stalin.

On more than one item, I considered Lenin worse than Hitler, but I thought Eugenics was an item the other way round.

I found one item more on both.

Lenin planned and Stalin stopped Eugenics. That evil of Hitler's was one where Lenin had gone before him, just not yet successfully ...

6:39 And this kind of psychiatrist who is into "stopping the next Hitler" by "treating the next guy" with those disorders has made Psychiatry a micro-version of the Communist Dictatorship.

Since Brock Chisholm.

7:30 The guys you cite, who are able to target groups with such diagnoses today, remind me of a Hitler who diagnosed Lenin as a Jew.

9:03 Their problem is biological?

Reminds me of a Hitler who considered this about Jews.

Take Hogwarts as a symbol of the Jewish community. Then take Hitler as an outsider who only saw Slytherin in all Hogwart.

THEN, add on top of that, you and Hitler, though targetting different groups, target biology, in fact God's handiwork, instead of the will, which God left to themselves.

If you target biology, you target much larger groups for each of the evil guys you go after.

AND you repeat Hitler's basic belief in sth not very far from DiaMat, though he violently denied to agree on all items.

11:06 Yeah, it may be that Holodomor was one of the items on which he again lost his struggle against Antisemitism.

Under Stalin, the guy responsible was a man called Genrikh Yagoda.

12:01 Wait, are you speaking about a famine under the Czars?

14:37 And because I consider telling the truth involves honouring some non-Hitlerist Fascisms (including the beginnings, but not the end, of the name giver), my pushing back is pushed back, by people who consider me the "personality type" of Lenin or Hitler or someone else, because of arranged tests, undergone while being exposed to pains and disappointments on a daily basis.

A few years ago, first or second summer after the first confinement, I contracted lice, but quickly got rid of them, scraping off lice bites in the showers, and the lice eggs with them.

This December, I contracted lice again, but this time my fight to get rid of them has been sabotaged each step of the way. Latest time Saturday. People had burrowed in my luggage, and I couldn't find the shampoo for the third dose of anti-lice shampooing.

I am obviously being compared to Hamas glorifiers, simply because I think Netanyahu has by now gone in very definite overkill mode. Like Hitler about people sharing the biology of Lenin, for instance. And to Hitler, because I honour Dollfuss. And to Lenin, because I find the NEP policies (but not all other levels of policy, far from) of Tito fairly good.

"Hitler got his Antisemitism from Dollfuss" ... would it have been better if Jews had participated in Hitler's persecution of Gipsies, like they showed no compassion for Hereros, when the German perpetrator was an Enlightened (and Pro-Jewish, Pro-Zionist) Despot?

Meanwhile, Heinrich Schenker died peacefully in a comfortable home under Dollfuss' successor Schuschnigg. His widow was transported to Theresienstadt.

Someone then (Saturday evening) left me Coeficientul Emoțional by Gilles d'Ambra. Some of the gipsies here speak Romanian.

AND are confusing* Gipsy persecutions in Switzerland and Sweden (discourtesy of Pro Juventute and of Social Democrat Régime) with anti-Gipsy prejudice not taking that kind of action in Austria.

* For those speaking French:

Correspondence de Hans Georg Lundahl : Autriche les années 20 et 30
https://correspondentia-ioannis-georgii.blogspot.com/2021/05/autriche-les-annees-20-et-30.html

Sunday, March 24, 2024

For Some Who Believe "Francis" is Pope


For Some Who Believe "Francis" is Pope · Joe Heschmeyer Gives an Excellent Case for the Church Needing Infallibility (We are Both Papists, so Think the Infallibility Resides in some capacity in the Pope)

there was a mandate in Vatican City all workers all 6:42 employees had mandated to receive the [vaccine] 6:48 jab in their arm the other option is they had to have 6:53 a neg they had to have a negative test for the virus but it got so ser 7:00 ious that three Swiss guards Swiss guards are the security team of the Pope 7:06 and of the Vatican three CIS guards were fired because they refused to get the 7:13 [vaccine] there were also several 7:19 Bishops I already mentioned Cardinal Burke Cardinal Burke got very sick he got covid he almost died you remember we 7:25 were praying for him every day praying for him praying for him there there was one day in particular I heard that this 7:33 might be burk's last day I remember couldn't sleep that night I was praying for Cardinal Burke Cardinal 7:41 Burke not only is it questionable medicine according to Cardinal Burke but 7:48 because this so-called medicine is derived from aborted fetal tissue 7:55 Cardinal Burke says there's an a moral a proper moral objection to receiving this 8:02 so-called medication or as Francis calls it the 8:08 antidote you'll remember there was Cardinal puetts there was Bishop athanasia 8:14 Schneider he spoke out against it Bishop Strickland spoke out against it of course Bishop Strickland got cancelled I 8:20 think part of his cancellation was not only speaking against certain things in the United States Conference of Bishops 8:27 not only resisting what happened at the LA Dodger Stadium last 8:32 year but also his very vocal objections to receiving the [vac 8:40 cine] so there's Cardinal Burke there was Cardinal puetts there was Bishop 8:45 Strickland Bishop athanasia Schneider and also I believe Archbishop langa who 8:52 used to be in Kazakhstan I believe with


Pope Francis Condemns Cardinal Burke and the Anti-Vaxxers
Dr Taylor Marshall | 21 March 2024
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAZXMeqFmv4


Blessed Holy Week to Burke, Strickland, Puett ?, Schneider, and three former Swiss Guards!

Not to mention Taylor Marshall ... thanks for the story!/HGL

Oceanic Deep Water Waves in Whole Gale : Whitecaps on a Lake, But Bigger


HGL'S F.B. WRITINGS: He did some answering, though, to others ... · Assorted retorts from yahoo boards and elsewhere: Oceanic Deep Water Waves in Whole Gale : Whitecaps on a Lake, But Bigger

Q
If a whole gale (60mph) occurs on the Pacific Ocean, far from land, what do the waves look like?
https://www.quora.com/If-a-whole-gale-60mph-occurs-on-the-Pacific-Ocean-far-from-land-what-do-the-waves-look-like/answer/Nathan-Smith-2494


Nathan Smith
Thu, 21.III.2024
“If a whole gale (60mph) occurs on the Pacific Ocean, far from land, what do the waves look like?”

That depends on how long the wind blows and how large an area it's blowing over. It also makes a difference how large the ground swells are, and which direction(s) they're from. The new waves generated by the gale will become bigger and more chaotic as they interfere with existing swells.

After a 60 knot gale has blown a day or two there will be what's called a fully developed sea. It's as rough as that amount of wind can get it. A fully developed sea in a 60 knot wind will have waves of many sizes. The largest waves will be over 40 feet or 12 meters high. The crests of some waves will be breaking. The wind strips water off wave crests, so foam and spray will be flying in the air and blowing in streaks on the water surface. The air is full of spray. Sometimes one wave will be extra large, like 60 or 70 feet high due to constructive interference.

The waves look about the same as whitecaps on a lake, but the scale is different. Imagine a pile of water the size of a 4 story building breaking over you. These keep coming every 10 to 15 seconds for something like 30 hours.

[moving image, gif]



Fri, 22.III.2024

Hans-Georg Lundahl
Thank you … what is the distance of the crests or troughs from each other, you only mentioned height, not wavelength.

The picture shows a ship heading into the crest, not how it would look if the motors were off and the ship were facing the crests sideways.

Nathan Smith
The wavelength varies due to the mixture of new waves forming over existing ones. As the sea matures toward full development, the period will be about 10 to 15 seconds or more. The dominant wavelength between crests would be on the order of 300 meters or more. If the wind direction has changed during the gale, or if large swells are passing through the area from elsewhere, the wave heights, and wavelengths, will be very irregular. As the waves propagate away from the storm, they sort themselves out into more regularly spaced swells. The longer swells move faster. Save pass right through each other if they come from different directions or have different lengths. The largest waves in a gale can have 10 seconds periods and lengths of 600 meters or more.

Sat, 23.III.2024

Hans-Georg Lundahl
“The dominant wavelength between crests would be on the order of 300 meters or more.”

“The largest waves in a gale can have 10 seconds periods and lengths of 600 meters or more.”

Thank you very much!

What I had expected, but better. What I didn’t expect directly, but which is not suspect either is:

“The wavelength varies due to the mixture of new waves forming over existing ones.”

Does it vary SO much that it can resemble the turbulence of coastal waves?

Tue 26.III.2024

Nathan Smith
The sea is very confused and chaotic while the storm wind is blowing and building new waves. It looks like this. The sailboat is Gypsy Moth lV off Cape Horn. Sir Francis Chichester was sailing it alone around the world.

Waves start forming as ripples about an inch or a few centimeters in size. From there they keep getting bigger, oscillating on the water surface of the larger waves already present. Waves of every size can coexist together. Smooth, regular swells are only seen a few days later after the storm waves have propagated away from the gale a few hundred miles, or a few thousand, to an area of calmer wind.







Hans-Georg Lundahl
All of these far from land?

“The sailboat is Gypsy Moth lV off Cape Horn.”

  1. The fact is, I am trying to figure out what waves around the Ark would have been like over a global ocean — is it sufficiently far from land to be deep and comparable?
  2. At least all of the three seem to involve no very steep waves, like the turbulence near a coast?


Nathan Smith
All the photos are of conditions in deep water, many miles from shore.

If waves get steep they break. Waves on a beach break as it gets shallow near shore. That's “surf”. In deep water, as the wind is building up waves, they get steep and break. Those are “whitecaps”. They can be any size. They are steep up near the crest. Rogue waves can be very steep and dangerous even if the water is 3 miles deep in the middle of an ocean.

I suggest looking on you tube. There are videos made by people on ships in storms.



Hans-Georg Lundahl
Thank you.

What I have seen so far from videos, they are typically taken with ships heading into the waves, which makes for more turbulence. The Ark had no motor, as far as we know, and no sails.

Rogue waves are certainly likely to rock any vessel on the deep, but they are also relatively isolated, right?

Nathan Smith
They are infrequent, but in storms they do happen. Some happen in normal weather when big swells from different directions meet a current.

The helmsmen on those ships in the videos are heading into the storm waves to save their lives. If they get broadside to waves like that, it's possible to get rolled over. Losing power or rudder control out there presents a dangerous problem. A drifting ship tends to lay in the troughs ( crosswise to the waves ). So the ship rolls badly. That can end tragically whenever an extra steep and extra high wave happens to break against the side of the ship.

Hans-Georg Lundahl
“A drifting ship tends to lay in the troughs (crosswise to the waves ). So the ship rolls badly.”

The rolling period of the Ark was about 12 seconds.

I have the impression all of these ships are smaller than it?

“whenever an extra steep and extra high wave happens to break against the side of the ship.”

That’s sth which God’s providence would have avoided, obviously.