Two Videos Denouncing "Inbreeding"

Assorted retorts from yahoo boards and elsewhere : Two Videos Denouncing "Inbreeding" · Φιλολoγικά/Philologica : Three Notes on the Video by Infographics Show - or Four

Bill Warner, PhD: Islam & Inbreeding
Political Islam | 22.VI.2017
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgwAGugPZtU

I

You are as I saw it, first a science teacher.

Does inbreeding actually cause genetic damage?

Or does inbreeding only increase the risk for recessive genes being on both chromosomes and therefore surfacing?

Would you mind linking to some genetic study on this matter?

• Schizophrenia rates are fairly worthless measures of anything, since the diagnosis is fairly worthless, except as an instrument of bullying someone.
  
  It so happens, if someone is from a family with first cousin marriages in the ancestry, he probably shares other traits than genes with them, culturally, and that may be part of a culture certain doctors want to bully.
  
  I am not speaking most of Muslims, I am speaking at least as much or more of Gipsies and of Ozark country bumpkins.
  
  The condition of the banjo player is likely to be caused in a real life situation (the film can reflect prejudices) by mother being old at conception rather than inbreeding.
  
  
• If Denmark BOTH has many Muslims illiterate AND many Muslims fail military intelligence test, they probably failed the test due to illiteracy, which is a cultural trait, not a genetic one.

So, can you link to a genetics' study saying such and such a flawed gene was caused by inbreeding rather than occasioned as surfaced condition due to it?

And, please, the bleeder's disease or hemophilia of the Czar's family is not relevant. One X chromosome will make it surface on a man who has exactly one X chromosome, since the other one is a Y chromosome. And it was the son of Nicolas II, not a daughter, who had hemophilia.

Uncas Unga

weirdo leftwing fake

Hans-Georg Lundahl

@Uncas Unga Me?

Why so?

In order to speak of inbreeding in the case of the bleeder's disease, one would need to be talking of a daughter, who both had an X chromosome with the mutation from her mother and the sole X chromosome of her father also with the mutation, and both descending from Victoria.

Pointing out scientific facts makes me a fake? How?

II

2:44 "a crime against the next generation"

I recall that was part of Hitler's agenda to have eugenics pushed because not having it would be that, according to him.

Note, I am not saying a "Fascist" agenda, since most Fascist régimes were too good for this. Hitler's wasn't.

III

Note, I most certainly do not say this as a Muslim, but as a Catholic.

Note also, we Catholics may abhor eugenics, but we discourage first cousin marriages for other reasons.

In order to reduce "clannish" social behaviour.

If, as a Catholic, I'd try to marry a first cousin, I just might get the Pope's dispensation, like Henry VIII got one to marry his brother's widow.

But that roundabout is how it would be to get that done.

As the present Pope - the real one, Pope Michael - is US American and shares some biasses with you, I don't think it very likely he would give such a dispensation.

I am also not involved that way with a first cousin, while I have a pretty one, she's married to someone else.

When Royal Inbreeding Went Horribly Wrong
The Infographics Show | 17.XI.2018
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obt__HtqvAQ

I

1:47 Tutankhamon is not a very clearcut case, since it is difficult to see what other factors could have been involved.

Plus Egyptian pharaos are less well documented outside own persons than even Roman Emperors from Caesar to Constantine, especially after the Julian dynasty. This is too little documentation to make conclusions about "children of".

II

2:59 "It wasn't even thought he would survive, as little George" III "came out two months prematurely."

Considering George as mad is a fairly common meme in some circles.

He abolished slavery while the guys over in US were all for keeping it, so that economic "madness" (repeated by Lincoln, someone very unlike the other George - Washington - only several decades later, who knows, if Jefferson Davis had won, perhaps Lincoln would have been declared mad too).

So, madness of George III is also dismissed from case, as not clearly certified.

3:08 "The house of Hanover was notorious for cousin to cousin marriage, sometimes first cousin, sometimes second or third."

This can be checked.

Btw, if true, this is not totally surprising, since they were Protestants, since Catholicism was forbidding first cousin marriages and I think even second cousin marriages, and so a Protestant would have wanted to show he was not respecting Catholic "traditions of men".

Spurgeon thought he was not just obliged to celebrate Christmas, but actually obliged to NOT celebrate Christmas. Hanovers can have thought they had an obligation to favour first cousin marriages.

What does a son of a first cousin marriage look like in Sosa-Stradonitz terms?

Well, parents, 2 and 3 (himself or herself being one) are distinct. His grandparents, 4 - 7, are distinct. BUT his great grandparents, 8 - 15, theoretically 8 different people are six or perhaps even four different people (if the parents were doubly first cousins).

If 2 is first cousin with 3, then either 4 or 5 is sibling with either 6 or 7, meaning either 8 and 9 or 10 and 11 are same persons as either 12 and 13 or 14 and 15.

So, George III as 1, his parents as 2 and 3, their parents as four diverse persons 4 to 7.

THEIR parents would involve less than 8 diverse persons.

• 1) George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738[c] – 29 January 1820)
  
  
• 2) Frederick, Prince of Wales, KG (Frederick Lewis; 1 February 1707 – 31 March 1751)
• 3) Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (30 November 1719 – 8 February 1772) was Princess of Wales by marriage to Frederick, Prince of Wales.
  
  
• 4) George II (George Augustus; German: Georg II. August; 30 October / 9 November 1683O.S./N.S. – 25 October 1760)
• 5) Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline; 1 March 1683 – 20 November 1737[1])
• 6) Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (28 July 1676, in Gotha – 23 March 1732, in Altenburg)
• 7) Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst (13 October 1679 – 11 October 1740) was, by birth, a Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst and, by marriage, a Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

Now, were the parents of George III first cousins? Should show in next generation back, 8-15.

• 8) George I (George Louis; German: Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 – 11 June 1727)
• 9) Sophia Dorothea of Celle (15 September 1666 – 13 November 1726) was the repudiated wife of future King George I of Great Britain, and mother of George II. The union with her first cousin was an arranged marriage of state, instigated by the machinations of his mother, Sophia of Hanover. (So, George II, grandfather of George III was son of two first cousins)
• 10) John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (18 October 1654 – 22 March 1686) succeeded his father Albert II as margrave of Ansbach in 1667.
• 11) Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe Louise of Saxe-Eisenach (13 April 1662 – 9 September 1696), was a German princess member of the House of Wettin and through her two marriages was Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach (from 1681 to 1686) and Electress of Saxony (from 1692 to 1694).

That the first four are distinct is not surprising. We'll see if the second four coincide with either of above.

• 12) Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (15 July 1646 Gotha, Duchy of Saxe-Gotha – 2 August 1691 Friedrichswerth), was a duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.
• 13) Magdalena Sibylle of Saxe-Weissenfels (2 September 1648 – 7 January 1681) was a German noblewoman.
• 14) Charles William, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (German: Karl Wilhelm, 16 October 1652, in Zerbst – 3 November 1718, in Zerbst), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.
• 15) Sophia of Saxe-Weissenfels (also: Sophie; 23 June 1654 in Halle an der Saale – 31 March 1724 in Zerbst) was a member of the Albertine branch of the House of Wettin, and a princess of Saxe-Weissenfels and Querfurt by birth and by marriage Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst.

So, George III was not born of a first cousin marriage. What about a second cousin marriage? Then one ancestor couple from 16 to 23 should coincide with one from 24 to 31.

• 16) Ernest Augustus (German: Ernst August; 20 November 1629 – 23 January 1698) was a Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and ruled over the Principality of Calenberg (with its capital Hanover) subdivision of the duchy. He was appointed Prince-elector, but died before the appointment became effective. He was also the Prince-Bishop of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück.
• 17) Sophia of Hanover (born Sophia of the Palatinate; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714[2]) was the Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698. As a granddaughter of James I, she became heir presumptive to the crowns of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Ireland under the Act of Settlement 1701. After the Acts of Union 1707, she became heir presumptive to the unified throne of the Kingdom of Great Britain. She died less than two months before she would have become queen succeeding her first cousin once removed, Queen Anne, and her claim to the throne passed on to her eldest son, George Louis, Elector of Hanover, who ascended as George I on 1 August 1714 (Old Style).
• 18) George William German: Georg Wilhelm (Herzberg am Harz, 26 January 1624 – 28 August 1705, Wienhausen) was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He ruled first over the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, then over the Lüneburg subdivision. In 1689, he occupied the Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg and passed it on to his successors.
• 19) Éléonore Marie Desmier d'Olbreuse (3 January 1639 – 5 February 1722) was the wife of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. She was Countess of Wilhelmsburg from 1674 and Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1676.
• 20) Albert II or V of Brandenburg-Ansbach (18 September 1620 – 22 October 1667) was a German prince, who was Margrave of Ansbach from 1634 until his death.
• 21) Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen
• 22) Johann Georg I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (Weimar, 12 July 1634 – hunting accident, Eckhartshausen, Marksuhl, 19 September 1686).
• 23) Johannetta of Sayn-Wittgenstein (27 August 1632 – 28 September 1701), was Sovereign Countess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen from 1648 to 1701. She was also Landgravine of Hesse-Braubach by marriage to John, Landgrave of Hesse-Braubach, and Duchess of Saxe-Marksuhl (later Saxe-Eisenach) by marriage to John George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach.

Someone coinciding with above in following?

• 24) Ernest I, called "Ernest The Pious" (Altenburg, Duchy of Saxe-Weimar 25 December 1601 – Schloss Friedenstein, Gotha, 26 March 1675), was a duke of Saxe-Gotha and Saxe-Altenburg. The duchies were later merged into Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.
• 25) Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg (Halle, 10 October 1619 – Gotha, 20 December 1680), was a princess of Saxe-Altenburg and, by marriage, duchess of Saxe-Gotha.
• 26) Augustus of Saxe-Weissenfels (Dresden, 13 August 1614 – 4 June 1680, Halle), was a Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels-Querfurt of the House of Wettin and administrator of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg.
• 27) Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Schwerin, 1 July 1627 – Halle, 11 December 1669) was a German noblewoman, a member of the House of Mecklenburg and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weissenfels.
• 28) John VI of Anhalt-Zerbst (Zerbst, 24 March 1621 – Zerbst, 4 July 1667), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.
• 29) Sophie Augusta of Holstein-Gottorp (5 December 1630 in Gottorp – 12 December 1680 in Coswig) was regent of Anhalt-Zerbst in during the minority of her son from 1667 until 1674.
• 30 = 26
• 31 = 27

No, George I had no second cousins as parents, but he had first cousins among his grandparents, 26-27 being parents of 13, wife of 12, and therefore grandparents of 6, 30-31 being parents of 15, wife of 14, therefore grandparents of 7, who was obviously wife of six.

So, both grandparent couples were cousin marriages, but it was not 4-5 that was a first cousin one, it was 6-7.

• 32) George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (17 February 1582, Celle – 12 April 1641, Hildesheim), ruled as Prince of Calenberg from 1635.
• 33) Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt (30 July 1601 – 6 May 1659) was the daughter of Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalena von Brandenburg.
• 34) Frederick V (German: Friedrich V.; 26 August 1596 – 29 November 1632)[1][2] was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine in the Holy Roman Empire from 1610 to 1623, and reigned as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620. He was forced to abdicate both roles, and the brevity of his reign in Bohemia earned him the derisive nickname of "the Winter King" (Czech: Zimní král; German: Winterkönig).
• 35) Elizabeth Stuart (19 August 1596 – 13 February 1662) was Electress of the Palatinate and briefly Queen of Bohemia as the wife of Frederick V of the Palatinate. Due to her husband’s reign in Bohemia lasting for just one winter, Elizabeth is often referred to as the "Winter Queen".
• 36 = 32
• 37 = 33
• 38) Alexandre Desmier, Seigneur of Olbreuse
• 39) Jacquette Poussard du Bas-Vandré et de Saint-Marc
• 40) Joachim Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (22 June 1583, in Cölln an der Spree – 7 March 1625, in Ansbach) was a German nobleman. He ruled as margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach from 1603 to 1625, succeeding his cousin George Frederick and succeeded by his son Frederick III.
• 41) Sophie of Solms-Laubach (15 May 1594 – 16 May 1651), was a German regent, Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach by marriage to Joachim Ernst, and regent during the minority of her son from 1625 until 1639.
• 42) ?
• 43) ?
• 44) Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (Altenburg, 11 April 1598 – Weimar, 17 May 1662), was a duke of Saxe-Weimar.
• 45) Eleonore Dorothea of Anhalt-Dessau (born 16 February 1602 in Dessau – died: 26 December 1664 in Weimar), was a princess of Anhalt-Dessau by birth and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weimar.
• 46) Ernst von Sayn-Wittgenstein (* 26. August 1594; † 22. Mai 1632)
• 47) Countess Louise Juliane of Erbach (1603 at Fürstenau Castle near Michelstadt – 28 September 1670 in Friedewald) was a German regent; Countess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn by marriage to Ernest of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn, she acted temporarily as regent of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn. She is remembered as the title character of the novel Die Gräfin von Sayn ("The Countess of Sayn") by Karl Ramseger-Mühle.

Second half:

• 48) Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (Johann Maria Wilhelm) (22 May 1570 in Weimar – 18 July 1605 in Weimar), was a Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Jena.
• 49) Dorothea Maria of Anhalt (Dessau, 2 July 1574 – Weimar, 18 July 1617), was by birth a member of the House of Ascania and princess of Anhalt. After her marriage, she became Duchess of Saxe-Weimar.
• 50) Johann Philipp (Torgau, 25 January 1597 – Altenburg, 1 April 1639), was a duke of Saxe-Altenburg.
• 51) Elisabeth of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (23 June 1593, Wolfenbüttel – 25 March 1650, Altenburg) was a princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg.
• 52) John George I (German: Johann Georg I.) (5 March 1585 – 8 October 1656) was Elector of Saxony from 1611 to 1656.
• 53) Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia (31 December 1586 – 12 February 1659) was an Electress of Saxony as the spouse of John George I, Elector of Saxony.
• 54) Adolf Frederick I (15 December 1588 – 27 February 1658) was the reigning Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from his father's death in 1592 until 1628 and again from 1631 to 1658. Between 1634 and 1648 Adolf Frederick also ruled the Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin as its administrator.
• 55) Anna Maria of Ostfriesland (23 June 1601 – 15 February 1634) was a German noblewoman.
• 56) Rudolph of Anhalt-Zerbst (Harzgerode, 28 October 1576 – Zerbst, 30 July 1621), was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the unified Principality of Anhalt. From 1603, he was ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst.
• 57) Magdalene of Oldenburg
• 58) Frederick III of Holstein-Gottorp (22 December 1597 – 10 August 1659) was a Duke of Holstein-Gottorp.
• 59) Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony (22 November 1610 – 24 October 1684) was duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp as the spouse of Duke Friedrich III of Holstein-Gottorp.
• 60 - 63 = 52 - 55
  
  
• 64) William VI (4 July 1535 – 20 August 1592), called William the Younger (German: Wilhelm der Jüngere), was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince of Lüneburg from 1559 until his death. Until 1569 he ruled together with his brother, Henry of Dannenberg.
• 65) Princess Dorothea of Denmark (29 June 1546 – 6 January 1617) was the Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1561 until 1592 as the consort of Duke William the Younger. She was regent for her son George from 1592 to 1596.
• 66) Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Ludwig; 24 September 1577 – 27 July 1626) was the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1596 to 1626.
• 67) Magdalene of Brandenburg, also Magdalene and Magdalen, (7 January 1582 – 4 May 1616) was the daughter of John George, Elector of Brandenburg and his third wife Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst. She married Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.
• 68) Frederick IV, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (German: Kurfürst Friedrich IV. von der Pfalz; 5 March 1574 – 19 September 1610), only surviving son of Louis VI, Elector Palatine and Elisabeth of Hesse, called "Frederick the Righteous" (German: Friedrich Der Aufrichtige; French: Frédéric IV le juste).
• 69) Louise Juliana of Orange-Nassau (31 March 1576 in Delft – 15 March 1644 in Königsberg) was a countess of the Palatinate by marriage to Frederick IV, Elector Palatine, and regent during the minority of her son from 1610 until 1611. She was the eldest daughter of William of Nassau, Prince of Orange and his third spouse Charlotte de Bourbon-Montpensier.
• 70) James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scots as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.
• 71) Anne of Denmark (Danish: Anna; 12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was Queen consort of Scotland, England, and Ireland by marriage to King James VI and I.
• 72 - 75 = 64 - 67 (-4)
• 76 - 79 ??
• 80) John George of Brandenburg (German: Johann Georg) (11 September 1525 – 8 January 1598) was a Prince-elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (1571–1598) and a Duke of Prussia. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was the son of Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg, and his first wife Magdalena of Saxony.
• 81) Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst (15 September 1563 – 8 November 1607) was a princess of Anhalt by birth and Electress of Brandenburg by marriage.
• 82) Count John George I of Solms-Laubach
• 83) Margarethe of Schönburg-Glauchau
• 84 - 87 ??
• 88) Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (Johann Maria Wilhelm) (22 May 1570 in Weimar – 18 July 1605 in Weimar), was a Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Jena. [= 48]
• 89) Dorothea Maria of Anhalt (Dessau, 2 July 1574 – Weimar, 18 July 1617), was by birth a member of the House of Ascania and princess of Anhalt. After her marriage, she became Duchess of Saxe-Weimar. [= 49]
• 90) John George I of Anhalt-Dessau (9 May 1567 – 24 May 1618) was a German prince of the House of Ascania. From 1586 to 1603 he ruled the unified principality of Anhalt jointly with his brothers. After the partition of the principality in 1603, he ruled the principality of Anhalt-Dessau from 1603 to 1618.
• 91) Countess Palatine Dorothea of Simmern (6 January 1581 – 18 September 1631) was a Countess Palatine of Simmern by birth and Princess of Anhalt-Dessau by marriage.
• 92 - 93 ??
• 94) George III, Count of Erbach-Breuberg (15 July 1548 – 26 February 1605)
• 95) Maria of Barby-Mühlingen (8 April 1563 – 29 December 1619)
• 96) Johann Wilhelm (11 March 1530 – 2 March 1573) was a duke of Saxe-Weimar.
• 97) Dorothea Susanne of Simmern (15 November 1544 in Simmern – 8 April 1592 in Weimar) was a princess of the Electorate of the Palatinate and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weimar.
• 98) Joachim Ernest of Anhalt (21 October 1536 – 6 December 1586), was a German prince of the House of Ascania, ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Zerbst from 1551, and from 1570 sole ruler of all the Anhalt lands.
• 99) Eleonore of Württemberg (b. Tübingen, 22 March 1552 – d. Schloss Lichtenberg, 12 January 1618)
• 100) Friedrich Wilhelm I (25 April 1562 in Weimar – 7 July 1602 in Weimar) was a duke of Saxe-Weimar.
• 101) Countess Palatine Anna Maria of Neuburg (18 August 1575, Neuburg an der Donau – 11 February 1643, Dornburg) was Countess Palatine of Neuburg and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Weimar.
• 102) Henry Julius (German: Heinrich Julius; 15 October 1564 – 30 July 1613), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and ruling Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1589 until his death. He also served as administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt from 1566 and of the Prince-Bishopric of Minden between 1582 and 1585.
• 103) Elisabeth of Denmark (25 August 1573 – 19 July 1625) was duchess consort of Brunswick-Lüneburg as married to Duke Henry Julius of Brunswick-Lüneburg. (sister of 71 => 142, 143 = 206, 207)
• 104) Christian I of Saxony (29 October 1560 in Dresden – 25 September 1591 in Dresden) was Elector of Saxony from 1586 to 1591. He belonged to the Albertine line of the House of Wettin.
• 105) Sophie of Brandenburg (6 June 1568 – 7 December 1622) was Electress of Saxony by marriage to Christian I, Elector of Saxony.
• 106) Albert Frederick (German: Albrecht Friedrich; Polish: Albrecht Fryderyk; 7 May 1553 – 28 August 1618) was the Duke of Prussia, from 1568 until his death. He was a son of Albert of Prussia and Anna Marie of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He was the second and last Prussian duke of the Ansbach branch of the Hohenzollern family.
• 107) Duchess Marie Eleonore of Cleves (16 June 1550 – 1 June 1608) was a Duchess consort of Prussia by marriage to Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia. She was the eldest child of William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and Maria of Austria.
• 108) Johann VII of Mecklenburg (7 March 1558 – 22 March 1592) (sometimes called Johann V, and usually translated to John VII or John V) was a Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
• 109) Sophia of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (1 June 1569 at Gottorf Castle – 14 November 1634 in Schwerin) was regent of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1603 to 1608.
• 110) Enno III of Ostfriesland or Enno III of East Frisia (30 September 1563, Aurich – 19 August 1625) was a Count of Ostfriesland from 1599 to 1625 from the Cirksena family. He was the elder son of Count Edzard II of Ostfriesland and his wife Princess Katarina of Sweden, eldest daughter of King Gustav I of Sweden.
• 111) Anna of Holstein-Gottorp (27 February 1575 – 24 April 1610) was a German noblewoman, daughter of Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp and Landgravine Christine of Hesse (daughter of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse).
• 112 - 113 = 98 - 99 (- 4, -8)
• 114) John VII, Count of Oldenburg
• 115) In 1576 John VII married Elisabeth of Schwarzburg (d. 1612)
• 116) Johann Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp (27 February 1575 – 31 March 1616) was a Duke of Holstein-Gottorp.
• 117) Princess Augusta of Denmark (8 April 1580 – 5 February 1639) was the third daughter of King Frederick II of Denmark and Sophia of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, and Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp as the wife of Duke John Adolf. (sister of 71 Anne and 103 Elisabeth, so 142 - 143 = 206 - 207 = 234 - 235)
• 118 - 119 = 52 - 53 (-2, -10)
• 120 - 127 = 104 - 111 (-8, -18)

So, in the generation of 64 ancestors, there are 46 non-coinciding persons, 2 coinciding with 2 in the generation of 32 ancestors, and 16 coinciding with other posts in same generation. Not too inbred, I would say.

[I had missed that 2 more coincided with 2 in the next generation, 88 and 89 = 48 and 49.]

"The diagnosis that George III suffered from acute porphyria has gained widespread acceptance,but re-examination of the evidence suggests it is unlikely that he had porphyria.The porphyria diagnosis was advanced by Ida Macalpine and Richard Hunter, whose clinical symptomatology and historical methodology were flawed.They highlighted selected symptoms, while ignoring, dismissing or suppressing counter-evidence.Their claims about peripheral neuropathy, cataracts, vocal hoarseness and abdominal pains are re-evaluated; and it is also demonstrated that evidence of discoloured urine is exceedingly weak. Macalpine and Hunter believed that mental illnesses were primarily caused by physical diseases, and their diagnosis of George III formed part of a wider agenda to promote controversial views about past, contemporary and future methods in psychiatry."

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51605333_King_George_III_and_porphyria_A_clinical_re-examination_of_the_historical_evidence

Other cases of porphyria in his family?

It would perhaps be William IV or Mary Queen of Scots, but the latter is definitely subject to debate, and the former may have been in an attempt to confirm the perhaps fake finding of Ida Macalpine and Richard Hunter.

III

3:11 - 3:19 "It was happening all over Europe, with one essayist in 1802 writing that 'every hereditary monarch in Europe was insane.' "

Could it so happen that this essayist was biassed against hereditary monarchs?

Why is his name not given? Would his bias have been too obvious if identity were known?

IV

Charles II

"Charles II of Spain (Spanish: Carlos II; 6 November 1661 – 1 November 1700), also known as El Hechizado or the Bewitched, was the last Habsburg ruler of the Spanish Empire. He is now best remembered for his physical disabilities, believed to be the result of inbreeding, and the war for his throne that followed his death."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain

Even so, just believed, and here the inbreeding is indeed notable, since his father's sister was mother to his mother. Uncle and niece, as correctly observed.

V

7:10 Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia

Mother Alix of Hesse
(whose) Mother Princess Alice of the United Kingdom
(whose) Mother Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom

Indeed, he descended from Queen Victoria.

However, there is no actual inbreeding involved. All who actually got haemophilia from her were men.

Leopold, his grandson Rupert His grandnephews by Alice, the brothers Waldemar and Henry, their uncle Frederick, his other nephew Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia. His nephews by Beatrice, the brothers Leopold and Maurice, and their nephews Alfonso and Gonzalo.

While haemophilia is recessive in women, it is dominant in men who only have one X chromosome.

Inbreeding would have involved one haemophiliac man marrying a woman descended from Queen Victoria and getting daughters who were haemophiliac, because their father's X chromosome was added to another version of Victoria's sick X chromosome.

This never actually happened.

I think I made a follow up comment, on how asking why the royals who married descendants of Queen Victoria didn't find someone else to marry was actually not about saying no to inbreeding, but about saying no to marriage with a certain line, meaning that it would be (if applied) a total ban on female descendants of Queen Victoria (in straight female line) to marry anyone. This is therefore (if thought through) a ban on marriage, for some, and as such falls under the observation of St Paul. 1st Epistle of St Paul to Timothy Chapter 4 verses 1 to 3: http://drbo.org/chapter/61004.htm Now the Spirit manifestly saith, that in the last times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to spirits of error, and doctrines of devils, Speaking lies in hypocrisy, and having their conscience seared, Forbidding to marry, to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving by the faithful, and by them that have known the truth. I am concerned if someone deleted that.

VI

8:15 I looked up Maria I of Portugal.

Grandparents were John V of Portugal and Philip V of Spain.

Of the latter, it is a theory that he had mental troubles, it is not a firmly established fact.

Of the former, even the theory seems to be difficult to find on the first page of a google. He suffered from a stroke, that is something different.

And crying and howling over the death of children is hardly a sign of real madness, but is rather a sign of being a woman.

She married an uncle? Possible. Her children's genes have not been involved in the question. The ones who died, died from smallpox. That's not genetical. One of her sons married an aunt? Well, we are told nothing of the effect of that.

"Maria's madness was first officially noticed in 1786, when Maria had to be carried back to her apartments in a state of delirium. Afterward, the queen's mental state became increasingly worse. In May 1786, her husband died; Maria was devastated and forbade any court entertainments. According to a contemporary,[who?] state festivities began to resemble religious ceremonies. Her condition worsened after the death of her eldest son (and heir-apparent), aged 27, from smallpox, and of her confessor, in 1791. In February 1792, she was deemed mentally insane and was treated by Francis Willis, the same physician who attended King George III of Great Britain."

In other words, in the age of Enlightenment a Catholic woman who is dismayed by grief and starts behaving a Catholic can be deemed "insane" and on top of that have as a doctor one Francis Willis who is the son of a Protestant "Reverend".

So, no, it cannot be established that she was mad.

Also, the claim both her grandfathers were, while more than just somewhat dubious, is not a plea against inbreeding, it is once again a plea for eugenics, for banning certain lines from propagating.

In other words, once again, it is a question of I Timothy 4:3.

Source for above quote, starting point for below ancestry:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_I_of_Portugal

• 1) Dona Maria I (English: Mary I; 17 December 1734 – 20 March 1816)
  
  
• 2) Joseph I (Portuguese: José I, Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ], 6 June 1714 – 24 February 1777)
• 3) Mariana Victoria of Spain (Portuguese: Mariana Vitória; 31 March 1718 – 15 January 1781) was an Infanta of Spain by birth and was later the Queen of Portugal as wife of King Joseph I.
  
  
• 4) Dom John V (Portuguese: João V;[1] 22 October 1689 – 31 July 1750)
• 5) Maria Anna of Austria (Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina; 7 September 1683 – 14 August 1754) was Queen consort of Portugal by marriage to King John V of Portugal. She was Regent of Portugal from 1742 until 1750 during the illness of John V.
• 6) Philip V (Spanish: Felipe V, French: Philippe, Italian: Filippo; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to his abdication in favour of his son Louis on 14 January 1724, and from his reaccession of the throne upon his son's death on 6 September 1724 to his own death on 9 July 1746.
• 7) Elisabeth Farnese (Italian: Elisabetta Farnese, Spanish: Isabel de Farnesio; 25 October 1692 – 11 July 1766) was Queen of Spain by marriage to King Philip V. She exerted great influence over Spain's foreign policy and was the de facto ruler of Spain from 1714 until 1746. From 1759 until 1760, she governed as regent.
  
  
• 8) Dom Pedro II (26 April 1648 – 9 December 1706), nicknamed "the Pacific", was the King of Portugal from 1683 until his death, previously serving as regent for his brother Afonso VI from 1668 until his own accession. He was the fifth and last child of John IV and Luisa de Guzmán.
• 9) Maria Sophia Elisabeth of Neuburg (6 August 1666 – 4 August 1699) was queen of Portugal as the wife of King Peter II from 1687 until her death in 1699. A popular queen, she was noted for her extraordinary generosity and for being the mother of the famously extravagant John V of Portugal.
• 10) Leopold I (full name: Leopold Ignaz Joseph Balthasar Felician; Hungarian: I. Lipót; 9 June 1640 – 5 May 1705) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia. The second son of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, by his first wife, Maria Anna of Spain, Leopold became heir apparent in 1654 by the death of his elder brother Ferdinand IV. Elected in 1658, Leopold ruled the Holy Roman Empire until his death in 1705, becoming the longest-ruling Habsburg emperor (at 46 years and 9 months).
• 11) Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg (Eleonore Magdalene Therese; 6 January 1655 – 19 January 1720) was a Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Archduchess consort of Austria, Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia as the third and last wife of Leopold I.[1] She was the paternal grandmother of Empress Maria Theresa.
• 12) Louis of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711) was the eldest son and heir of Louis XIV, King of France, and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain.
• 13) Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (28 November 1660 – 20 April 1690) was Dauphine of France by marriage to Louis, Grand Dauphin, son and heir of Louis XIV.
• 14) Odoardo Farnese (12 August 1666 – 6 September 1693) was the eldest son of Duke Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza. Odoardo was the Hereditary Prince of Parma from his birth till his death.
• 15) Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg (Dorothea Sophie; 5 July 1670 – 15 September 1748) was Duchess of Parma from 1695 to 1727. She was the sixth daughter of the Elector Palatine, Philip William of Neuburg, and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt.[1] Her sisters became Queen of Spain, Queen of Portugal and Holy Roman Empress.[1] She was regent of the duchy of Parma from 1731 to 1735.
  
  
• 16) John IV (Portuguese: João,[1] pronounced [ʒuˈɐ̃w̃]; 19 March 1604 – 6 November 1656), nicknamed John the Restorer (João o Restaurador), was the King of Portugal whose reign, lasting from 1640 until his death, led to the Portuguese "restoration" of independence from Spanish rule.
• 17) Luisa María Francisca de Guzmán y Sandoval (Portuguese: Luísa Maria Francisca de Gusmão;[1] 13 October 1613 – 27 February 1666) was a queen consort of Portugal.
• 18) Philip William of Neuburg, Elector Palatine (German: Philipp Wilhelm) (24 November 1615 – 2 September 1690) was Count Palatine of Neuburg from 1653 to 1690, Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1653 to 1679 and Elector of the Palatinate from 1685 to 1690.
• 19) Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (Elisabeth Amalie Magdalene; 20 March 1635 – 4 August 1709) was a princess of Hesse-Darmstadt and wife of the Prince-elector of the Palatinate.
• 20) Ferdinand III (13 July 1608 – 2 April 1657) was Holy Roman Emperor from 15 February 1637 until his death, as well as King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria.
• 21) Infanta Maria Anna of Spain (18 August 1606 – 13 May 1646)[1] was a Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia by marriage to Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor.[2] She acted as regent on several occasions during the absences of her spouse.
• 22 - 23 = 18 - 19 = 30 - 31
• 24) Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715), known as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand) or the Sun King (Roi Soleil), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.
• 25) Maria Theresa of Spain (Spanish: María Teresa de Austria; French: Marie-Thérèse d'Autriche; 10 September 1638 – 30 July 1683), was by birth Infanta of Spain and Portugal (until 1640) and Archduchess of Austria as member of the Spanish branch of the House of Habsburg and by marriage Queen of France.
• 26) Ferdinand Maria (31 October 1636 – 26 May 1679) was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector (Kurfürst) of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679.
• 27) Henriette Adelaide of Savoy (Enrichetta Adelaide Maria; 6 November 1636 – 13 June 1676), was Electress of Bavaria by marriage to Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria. She had much political influence in her adopted country and with her husband did much to improve the welfare of the Electorate of Bavaria.
• 28) Ranuccio II Farnese (17 September 1630 – 11 December 1694) was the sixth Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1646 until his death nearly 50 years later and Duke of Castro from 1646 until 1649.
• 29) Isabella d'Este (3 October 1635 – 21 August 1666) was Duchess of Parma, and second wife of Duke Ranuccio II Farnese. She was the paternal grandmother of Elisabetta Farnese.
• 30 - 31 = 18 - 19 = 22 - 23
  
  
• 32) Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza (28 April 1568 – 29 November 1630) was a Portuguese nobleman and father of João IV of Portugal. He is known for his allegiance to King Philip I of Portugal.
• 33) Ana de Velasco y Téllez-Girón (1585 – Vila Viçosa November 7, 1607) was a Spanish noblewoman and mother of John IV of Portugal, the first Portuguese King of the Braganza Dynasty.
• 34) Juan Manuel Pérez de Guzmán y Silva (7 January 1579 – 1636) was a Spanish noble and 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia.
• 35) Juana de Sandoval
• 36) Wolfgang Wilhelm (4 November 1578 in Neuburg an der Donau – 14 September 1653 in Düsseldorf) was a German Prince. He was Count palatine of Neuburg and Duke of Jülich and Berg.
• 37) Magdalene of Bavaria (4 July 1587 – 25 September 1628) was a princess member of the House of Wittelsbach by birth and Countess Palatine of Neuburg and Duchess of Jülich-Berg by marriage.
• 38) George II of Hesse-Darmstadt, German: Georg II von Hessen-Darmstadt (Darmstadt, 17 March 1605 – 11 June 1661) was the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1626 - 1661. He was the son of Ludwig V and Magdalene of Brandenburg.
• 39) Sophia Eleonore of Saxony (23 November 1609 – 2 June 1671) was a Duchess (Herzogin) of Saxony by birth and the Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1627 to 1661 through her marriage to Landgrave George II.
• 40) Ferdinand II (9 July 1578 – 15 February 1637), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor (1619–1637), King of Bohemia (1617–1619, 1620–1637), and King of Hungary (1618–1637). He was the son of Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria, and Maria of Bavaria.
• 41) Maria Anna of Bavaria (18 December 1574 – 8 March 1616), was German princess member of the House of Wittelsbach by birth and Archduchess of Inner Austria by marriage.
• 42) Philip III (Spanish: Felipe; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain. He was also, as Philip II, King of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia and Duke of Milan from 1598 until his death.
• 43) Margaret of Austria (25 December 1584 – 3 October 1611) was Queen consort of Spain and Portugal by her marriage to King Philip III and II.
• 44 - 47 = 36 - 39 = 60 - 63
• 48) Louis XIII (French pronunciation: ​[lwi tʁɛz]; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who was King of France from 1610 to 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown.
• 49) Anne of Austria (French: Anne d'Autriche;[1] 22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666), a Spanish princess of the House of Habsburg, was queen of France as the wife of Louis XIII, and regent of France during the minority of her son, Louis XIV, from 1643 to 1651.
• 50) Philip IV of Spain (Spanish: Felipe IV; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665) was King of Spain (as Philip IV in Castile and Philip III in Aragon) and Portugal as Philip III (Portuguese: Filipe III).
• 51) Elisabeth of France (22 November 1602 – 6 October 1644) was Queen consort of Spain (1621 to 1644) and Portugal (1621 to 1640) as the first spouse of King Philip IV of Spain.
• 52) Maximilian I (17 April 1573 – 27 September 1651), occasionally called "the Great", a member of the House of Wittelsbach, ruled as Duke of Bavaria from 1597. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War during which he obtained the title of a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire at the 1623 Diet of Regensburg.
• 53) Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (German: Maria Anna von Habsburg, Erzherzogin von Österreich, also known as Maria Anna von Bayern or Maria-Anna, Kurfürstin von Bayern; 13 January 1610 – 25 September 1665), was a German regent, Electress of Bavaria by marriage to Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, and co-regent of the Electorate of Bavaria during the minority of her son Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria from 1651 to 1654.
• 54) Victor Amadeus I (Italian: Vittorio Amedeo I di Savoia; 8 May 1587 – 7 October 1637) was the Duke of Savoy from 1630 to 1637. He was also known as the Lion of Susa.
• 55) Christine of France (10 February 1606 – 27 December 1663) was the sister of Louis XIII and the Duchess of Savoy by marriage. At the death of her husband Victor Amadeus I in 1637, she acted as regent of Savoy between 1637 and 1648.
• 56) Odoardo Farnese (28 April 1612 – 11 September 1646), also known as Odoardo I Farnese to distinguish him from his grandson Odoardo II Farnese, was Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro from 1622 to 1646.
• 57) Margherita de' Medici (31 May 1612 – 6 February 1679) was Duchess of Parma and Piacenza by her marriage to Odoardo Farnese, Duke of Parma. Margherita was regent of Piacenza in 1635, and regent of the entire duchy from 1646 until 1648 during the minority of her son.
• 58) Francesco I d'Este (6 September 1610 – 14 October 1658) was Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1629 until his death. The eldest son of Alfonso III d'Este, he became reigning duke after his father's abdication.
• 59) Maria Caterina Farnese (18 February 1615 – 25 July 1646) was a member of the Ducal House of Farnese. She was the Duchess of Modena as the first wife of Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena.
• 60 - 63 = 36 - 39 = 44 - 47

The 32 ancestors here lack 8, that is are 24 persons. The 64 ancestors would therefore lack 16, that is, be 48 persons.

• 64) Dom João I of Braganza (1543 – 22 February 1583) was the 6th Duke of Braganza and 1st Duke of Barcelos, among other titles. He is known for pushing the claims of his wife, Infanta Catherine of Guimarães, to the throne of Portugal.
• 65) Infanta Catherine of Guimarães, Duchess of Braganza by marriage (Portuguese: Catarina; Portuguese pronunciation: [kɐtɐˈɾinɐ], 18 January 1540 – 15 November 1614) was a Portuguese infanta (princess) claimant to the throne following the death of King Henry of Portugal in 1580.
• 66) Juan Fernández de Velasco, 5th Duke of Frías[1] (c. 1550 – 15 March 1613) was a Spanish nobleman and diplomat.
• 67) María Girón de Guzmán
• 68) Alonso Pérez de Guzmán y de Zúñiga-Sotomayor, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia, GE, KOGF (10 September 1550 – 26 July 1615), was a Spanish navy officer who was most noted for his role as commander-in-chief of the Spanish Armada.
• 69) Ana de Silva y Mendoza
• 70) Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, 1st Duke of Lerma, 5th Marquess of Denia, 1st Count of Ampudia, GE, KOGF (1552/1553 – 17 May 1625), was a favourite of Philip III of Spain, the first of the validos ('most worthy') through whom the later Habsburg monarchs ruled.
• 71) Catalina de la Cerda (1551-1603)
• 72) Philipp Ludwig of Neuburg (2 October 1547 – 22 August 1614) was the Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg from 1569 until 1614.
• 73) Anna of Cleves (1 March 1552, Cleves – 6 October 1632, Höchstädt an der Donau) was a daughter of Duke William V of Jülich-Berg and his wife, Maria of Austria.
• 74) William V (29 September 1548 – 7 February 1626), called the Pious, (German: Wilhelm V., der Fromme, Herzog von Bayern) was Duke of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597
• 75) Renata of Lorraine (20 April 1544 – 22 May 1602), was by birth a member of the House of Lorraine and by marriage Duchess of Bavaria.
• 76) Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Ludwig; 24 September 1577 – 27 July 1626) was the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1596 to 1626.
• 77) Magdalene of Brandenburg, also Magdalene and Magdalen, (7 January 1582 – 4 May 1616) was the daughter of John George, Elector of Brandenburg and his third wife Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst. She married Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.
• 78) John George I (German: Johann Georg I.) (5 March 1585 – 8 October 1656) was Elector of Saxony from 1611 to 1656.
• 79) Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia (31 December 1586 – 12 February 1659) was an Electress of Saxony as the spouse of John George I, Elector of Saxony.
• 80) Charles II Francis of Austria (German: Karl II. Franz von Innerösterreich) (3 June 1540 – 10 July 1590) was an Archduke of Austria and ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carniola and Carinthia) from 1564. He was a member of the House of Habsburg.
• 81) Maria Anna of Bavaria (21 March 1551, Munich – 29 April 1608, Graz)[1] was a politically active Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Archduke Charles II of Austria. She played an important role in favor of the counter reformation in Austria.
• 82 - 83 = 74 - 75
• 84) Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II; 21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598) was King of Spain[a] (1556–98), King of Portugal (1581–98, as Philip I, Filipe I),[1] King of Naples and Sicily (both from 1554), and jure uxoris King of England and Ireland (during his marriage to Queen Mary I from 1554–58).[2] He was also Duke of Milan.[3] From 1555 he was lord of the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands.
• 85) Anna of Austria (2 November 1549 – 26 October 1580) was Queen of Spain by marriage to her uncle, King Philip II of Spain.
• 86 - 87 = 80 - 81
• 88 - 95 = 72 - 79 = 120 - 127
• 96) Henry IV (French: Henri IV, read as Henri-Quatre [ɑ̃ʁi katʁ]; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithet Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.
• 97) Marie de' Medici (French: Marie de Médicis, Italian: Maria de' Medici; 26 April 1575 – 3 July 1642) was Queen of France as the second wife of King Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon.
• 98 - 99 = 42 - 43
• 100 - 101 = 42 - 43
• 102 - 103 = 96 - 97
• 104 - 105 = 74 - 75
• 106 - 107 = 40 - 41
• 108) Charles Emmanuel I (Italian: Carlo Emanuele di Savoia; 12 January 1562 – 26 July 1630), known as the Great, was the Duke of Savoy from 1580 to 1630. He was nicknamed Testa d'feu ("the Hot-Headed") for his rashness and military aggression.
• 109) Catherine Michelle of Spain (Spanish: Catalina Micaela de Austria; 10 October 1567 – 6 November 1597) was a Duchess consort of Savoy who served as Regent of Savoy several times during the absence of her spouse, Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy. As the youngest surviving daughter of Philip II of Spain and Elisabeth of Valois, she was the sister of Isabella Clara Eugenia, Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands. (218 = 84)
• 110 - 111 = 96 - 97
• 112) Ranuccio I Farnese (28 March 1569 – 5 March 1622) reigned as Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro from 1592. A firm believer in absolute monarchy, Ranuccio, in 1594, centralised the administration of Parma and Piacenza, thus rescinding the nobles' hitherto vast prerogative.
• 113) Margherita Aldobrandini (Capodimonte, Viterbo, 29 March 1588 – Parma, 9 August 1646) was a Duchess consort of Parma. She was the regent of Parma 1626-1628.
• 114) Cosimo II de' Medici (12 May 1590 – 28 February 1621) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 until his death. He was the elder son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Christina of Lorraine.
• 115) Maria Maddalena of Austria (Maria Magdalena; 7 October 1589 – 1 November 1631) was Grand Duchess of Tuscany from the accession of her husband, Cosimo II, in 1609 until his death in 1621. With him, she had eight children, including a duchess of Parma, a grand duke of Tuscany, and an archduchess of Further Austria. Born in Graz, she was the youngest daughter of Charles II, Archduke of Inner Austria, and his wife Maria Anna of Bavaria. (230-231 = 80-81)
• 116) Alfonso III d'Este (22 October 1591 – 26 May 1644) was Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1628 to 1629.
• 117) Isabella of Savoy (11 March 1591 – 28 August 1626) was a daughter of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Catherine Michelle of Spain. Her maternal grandparents were Philip II of Spain and Elisabeth of Valois, her paternal grandparents were Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy and Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry. She was the Hereditary Princess of Modena, dying before her husband succeeded to the Duchy of Modena in 1628.
• 118 - 119 = 112 - 113
• 120 - 127 = 72 - 89 = 88 - 95

64 posts, coincidence reductions, 82-83 (-2), 86 - 95 (-10, -12), 98 - 99 = 100 - 101 (-4, -16), 102 - 103 (-2, -18), 104 - 105 (-2, -20), 106 - 107 (-2, -22), 110 - 111 (-2, -24), 118 - 119 (-2, -26), 120 - 127 (-8, -34).

Of 64 posts, 30 different ones in that generation, meaning 34 are coincidence reduced and a few of them identic to some in next one.

This ancestry is the most inbred, so far. But only if you go back far enough. And the results, if bad, would already have been seen.

But Mary I of Portugal didn't seem to have any real problem, except being a woman when Enlightenment Stoics were saying "take it like a man" and being a Catholic when Enligtenment Secularists were saying "Catholic fanaticism is madness".

VII

8:50 - sorry, but the problem with Meghan Markle is double:

• 1) she is someone else's wife.
• 2) her first pregnancy comes pretty late.

VIII

Let's have a look at Sisi:

Elisabeth of Bavaria (24 December 1837 – 10 September 1898) was Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary by marriage to Emperor Franz Joseph I.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Elisabeth_of_Austria

• 1) Elisabeth of Bavaria (24 December 1837 – 10 September 1898)
  
  
• 2) Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria (4 December 1808 – 15 November 1888), known informally as Max in Bayern, was a member of a junior branch of the House of Wittelsbach and a promoter of Bavarian folk-music. He is most famous today as the father of Empress Elisabeth of Austria ("Sisi") and great-grandfather of King Leopold III of Belgium.
• 3) Princess Ludovika of Bavaria (Marie Ludovika Wilhelmine; Mary Louise Wilhelmina; 30 August 1808 – 25 January 1892) was the sixth child of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife, Karoline of Baden, and the mother of Empress Elisabeth of Austria. She was born and died in Munich.
  
  
• 4) Duke Pius August in Bavaria,[1] full German name: Pius August Herzog in Bayern[1] (born 1 August 1786 in Landshut, Electorate of Bavaria;[1] died 3 August 1837 in Bayreuth, Kingdom of Bavaria[1]) was a Duke in Bavaria as a member of the Palatine Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen line of the House of Wittelsbach.
• 5) Princess Amélie Louise d'Arenberg,[1] full German name: Amalie Luise, Prinzessin und Herzogin von Arenberg[1] and full French name: Amélie Louise, princesse et duchesse d'Arenberg, (born 10 April 1789 in Brussels, Austrian Netherlands;[1] died 4 April 1823 in Bamberg, Kingdom of Bavaria[1]) was a member of the House of Arenberg by birth and, through her marriage to Duke Pius August in Bavaria, a member of the Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen line of the House of Wittelsbach.
• 6) Maximilian I Joseph (27 May 1756 – 13 October 1825) was Duke of Zweibrücken from 1795 to 1799, prince-elector of Bavaria (as Maximilian IV Joseph) from 1799 to 1806, then King of Bavaria (as Maximilian I Joseph) from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken, a branch of the House of Wittelsbach.
• 7) Caroline of Baden (German: Friederike Karoline Wilhelmine von Baden; 13 July 1776 – 13 November 1841) was by marriage an Electress of Bavaria and later the first Queen consort of Bavaria by marriage to Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria.
  
  
• 8) Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria,[1][2] full German name: Wilhelm, Herzog in Bayern (born 10 November 1752 in Gelnhausen, Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen;[1][2] died 8 January 1837 in Landshut or Bamberg, Kingdom of Bavaria[1][2]) was Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen between 1789 and 1799 and first Duke in Bavaria from 16 February 1799 until his death in 1837.
• 9) Countess Palatine Maria Anna of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (18 July 1753 – 4 February 1824) was Countess Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen and Duchess in Bavaria, through her marriage to Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria.
• 10) Duke Louis Marie d'Arenberg
• 11) Marie Adélaïde Julie de Mailly, dame d'Ivry-sur-Seine
• 12) Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (27 February 1724 in Ribeauvillé, Alsace – 15 August 1767 in Schwetzingen) was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.
• 13) Countess Palatine Maria Francisca of Sulzbach (Maria Franziska, Pfalzgräfin von Sulzbach; 15 June 1724 – 15 November 1794), was a Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld by marriage to Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld.
• 14) Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden (14 February 1755 – 16 December 1801) was heir apparent of the Margraviate of Baden.
• 15) Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (20 June 1754 – 21 June 1832) was a Hereditary Princess of Baden by marriage to Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden.
  
  
• 16) John, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen (24 May 1698 in Gelnhausen – 10 February 1780 in Mannheim) was Count Palatine and Duke of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld at Gelnhausen.
• 17) Sophie Charlotte of Salm-Dhaun
• 18 = 12
• 19 = 13
• 20 - 23 ??
• 24) Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (Strassburg, 7 November 1674 – Zweibrücken, 3 February 1735) was a German nobleman. He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld, a cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach.
• 25) Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken (12 August 1704 – 25 March 1774) was Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken by marriage.
• 26) Joseph Charles, Hereditary Prince of Sulzbach (German: Joseph Karl; Sulzbach, 2 November 1694 – Oggersheim, 18 July 1729) was the eldest son of Theodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach.
• 27) Elisabeth Auguste of Neuburg (Elisabeth Auguste Sofie; 1693–1728) was the only surviving child of Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine. The Palatinate-Neuburg line became extinct with her father and was succeeded by the Palatinate-Sulzbach line. Her sons with Count Palatine Joseph Charles of Sulzbach would have been the indisputable heirs to the Electorate of the Palatinate, but they all died in infancy. She was the Hereditary Princess of Sulzbach by marriage.
• 28) Charles Frederick (22 November 1728 – 10 June 1811[1]) was Margrave, Elector and later Grand Duke of Baden (initially only Margrave of Baden-Durlach) from 1738 until his death.
• 29) Caroline Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt (11 July 1723 – 8 April 1783), was a consort of Baden, a dilettante artist, scientist, collector and salonist.
• 30) Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Ludwig) (15 December 1719 – 6 April 1790) was the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1768 - 1790.
• 31) Caroline of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken (Henriette Caroline Christiane Louise; 9 March 1721 – 30 March 1774) was Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt by marriage to Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.
  
  
• 32) John Charles, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld at Gelnhausen (17 October 1638 in Bischweiler – 21 February 1704 in Gelnhausen), was a German prince and ancestor of the cadet branch of the royal family of Bavaria known, from the early 19th century, as Dukes in Bavaria. He took Gelnhausen as the name of his branch of the family after acquiring that estate in 1669.
• 33) Esther Maria von Witzleben
• 34 - 35 ??
• 36 - 39 = 24 - 27
• 40 - 47 ??
• 48) Christian II (22 June 1637 – 26 April 1717) was the Duke of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler from 1654 until 1717, the Duke of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld from 1671 until 1717, and the Count of Rappoltstein from 1673 until 1699.
• 49) [Christian married] Countess Catherine Agatha of Rappoltstein (15 June 1648 – 16 July 1683)
• 50) Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken (German: Ludwig Krafft, Graf von Nassau-Saarbrücken; 28 March 1663, Saarbrücken – 14 February 1713 in Saarbrücken)
• 51) Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1679–1751)
• 52) Theodore Eustace (German: Theodor Eustach; 14 February 1659 – 11 July 1732) was the Count Palatine of Sulzbach from 1708 until 1732.
• 53) Princess and Landgravine Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg (Maria Eleonore Amalia; 25 February 1675 – 27 January 1720) was Landgravine of Hesse-Rotenburg by birth and was the Countess Palatine of Sulzbach by marriage.
• 54) Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine (Neuburg, 4 November 1661 – Mannheim, 31 December 1742) was a ruler from the house of Wittelsbach. He was Elector Palatine, Count of Palatinate-Neuburg, and Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1716 to 1742. Until 1728 Charles III Philip was also Count of Megen.
• 55) Princess Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł (Lithuanian: Liudvika Karolina Radvilaitė) (27 February 1667 – 25 March 1695) was a magnate Princess of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and an active reformer.
• 56) Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Baden-Durlach (7 October 1703 – 26 March 1732) was a German hereditary prince of the Margraviate of Baden-Durlach.
• 57) Princess Amalia of Nassau-Dietz (Anna Charlotte Amalie; 23 October [O.S. 13 October] 1710 – 18 September 1777) was the wife of Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Baden-Durlach, and mother of Charles Frederick, the first Grand Duke of Baden.
• 58) Louis VIII (German: Ludwig) (5 April 1691 – 17 October 1768) was the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1739 to 1768.
• 59) Charlotte, Countess of Hanau-Lichtenberg, full name: Countess Charlotte Christine Magdalene Johanna of Hanau-Lichtenberg (2 May 1700, Bouxwiller – 1 July 1726, Darmstadt) was the wife of landgrave Louis VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt.
• 60 - 61 = 58 - 59
• 62 - 63 = 24 - 25

From the 32 ancestors, 8 are missing by coincidence with other posts, of which six in the next generation. 8 others are missing by being unknown people, that is, outbreeding.

• 64) Christian I (3 November 1598 – 6 September 1654) was the Duke of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler from 1600 until 1654.
• 65) Magdalena Catherine, Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken (German: Magdalena Katharina von Pfalz-Zweibrücken; 26 April 1607, Zweibrücken – 20 January 1648, Strasbourg) was a Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken by birth and by marriage Duchess and Countess Palatine of Birkenfeld.
• 66 - 71 ??
• 72 - 79 = 48 - 55
• 80 - 95 ??
• 96 - 97 = 64 - 65
• 98 - 99 ??
• 100) Gustav Adolf of Nassau-Saarbrücken (27 March 1632, Saarbrücken – 9 October 1677, Strasbourg) was Count of Saarbrücken and Major General at the Rhine of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nation.
• 101) Landgravine Eleonore Klara of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein
• 102 - 103 ??
• 104) Christian Augustus (German: Christian August) (26 July 1622 – 23 April 1708) was the Count Palatine of Sulzbach from 1632 until 1708.
• 105) Amalie of Nassau-Siegen
• 106) William I "the Elder" of Hesse-Rotenburg (15 May 1648, in Kassel – 20 November 1725, in Langenschwalbach) was from 1683 until his death Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg.
• 107) Maria Anna of Lowenstein-Wertheim
• 108) Philip William of Neuburg, Elector Palatine (German: Philipp Wilhelm) (24 November 1615 – 2 September 1690) was Count Palatine of Neuburg from 1653 to 1690, Duke of Jülich and Berg from 1653 to 1679 and Elector of the Palatinate from 1685 to 1690.
• 109) Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (Elisabeth Amalie Magdalene; 20 March 1635 – 4 August 1709) was a princess of Hesse-Darmstadt and wife of the Prince-elector of the Palatinate.
• 110) Bogusław Radziwiłł (Lithuanian: Boguslavas Radvila; Belarusian: Багуслаў Радзівіл; 3 May 1620 – 31 December 1669) was a Polish princely magnate and a member of the Polish-Lithuanian szlachta, or nobility.
• 111) Anna Maria Radziwiłł
• 112) Charles III William (German: Karl III. Wilhelm von Baden-Durlach; Durlach, 27 January [O.S. 17 January] 1679[1] – 12 May 1738, Karlsruhe) was Margrave of Baden-Durlach between 1709 and 1738.
• 113) Magdalena Wilhelmine of Württemberg (7 November 1677, Stuttgart – 30 October 1742, Karlsburg Castle, Durlach) was a margravine of Baden. She had a place in the regency during the minority of her grandson in 1738-42.
• 114) John William Friso, Prince of Orange-Nassau (Dutch: Johan Willem Friso van Oranje-Nassau; 14 August 1687 – 14 July 1711) became the titular Prince of Orange in 1702. He was stadtholder of Friesland until his death by drowning in the Hollands Diep in 1711. Friso and his wife, Marie Louise, are the most recent common ancestors of all European monarchs occupying the throne today.
• 115) Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel (7 February 1688 – 9 April 1765) was a Dutch regent, Princess of Orange by marriage to John William Friso, Prince of Orange, and regent of the Netherlands during the minority of her son and her grandson. She was a daughter of Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, and Maria Amalia of Courland. She and her husband are the most recent common ancestors all currently reigning monarchs in Europe.
• 116) Ernest Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Ernst Ludwig) (15 December 1667 – 12 September 1739) was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1678 to 1739.
• 117) Dorothea Charlotte of Brandenburg-Ansbach (28 November 1661 – 15 November 1705) was a German noblewomen, and by her marriage to Ernest Louis, Landgravine consort of Hesse-Darmstadt. The marriage took place on 1 December 1687.
• 118) Johann Reinhard III of Hanau-Lichtenberg (31 July 1665 in Bischofsheim am hohen Steg (now called Rheinbischofsheim) – 28 March 1736 in Schloss Philippsruhe, Hanau) was the last of the counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg. He reigned from 1680 to 1736. From 1712 to 1736, he also reigned the County of Hanau-Münzenberg.
• 119) Dorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach (12 August 1676[1] – 13 March 1731) was the daughter of Margrave John Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1654–1686) and his first wife, Margravine Johanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach (1651–1680). She was a half-sister of Queen Caroline of Great Britain, the wife of King George II
• 120 - 123 = 116 - 119
• 124 - 127 = 48 - 52

Coinciding, 72 - 73+74 - 79 and 124 - 127 with 48 - 51+52 - 55 in next generation, -12, 96 - 97 = 64 - 65, -2, -14, 120 - 123 = 116 - 119, -4, -18. 46 different people, of which unknown ones:

66 - 71 (6), 80 - 95 (16, 22), 98, 99 (2, 24), 102, 103 (2, 26).

Of the 46 non-coinciding, 26, the clear majority, are outbred.

IX

9:31 So, Saudi Arabia is getting to the forefront to "combat" the evils of inbreeding.

This could be bad news, it could be, Peninsular Arabs are a bad stock to start with and now want to start outbreeding.

While it is a right supposing they can find willing brides, it is also coinciding with a tendency in Western countries to discourage staying with Westerners and encourage all to date at least one non-Westerner to show "inclusiveness".

X

10:10 It could be added, in a century which happens to like Peyo's smurfs, being blue-skinned is not likely to be a social handicap.

I don't think the Fugates suffered too much physically from it.

XI

10:26 I think, taking spouses far from circle of kin, but within circle of primarily religion, then class and nation, is generally a good idea.

I think however, the risks are (at least for Europe) overestimated.

One should definitely not ban marriages of kins who are canonically allowed to marry.

That said, once the Church actually did forbid anything closer than seven generations from common ancestor on shortest line.

This led to getting trouble for many getting a spouse at all, and therefore to several dispensations, and it had to be abandoned.